What periodization is
Before I critically examine the three most common types of periodization, the term “periodization” should first be clarified. Simply, it is the systematic variation of training. This variation does not necessarily happen by changing the repetition numbers or the amount of sets 다운로드. Other possibilities for a periodization can be to vary the training volume, the exercise choice, the repetition cadence (= duration of the individual movement phases of repetition, i.e. eccentric, stretch, concentric and peak contraction), rest time, the exercise form (cheat curl, half reps, perfect form or different angle) or the training intensity 다운로드. Do not let the term “intensity” confuse you. This does not mean the perceived intensity or how hard you struggle during the exercise or even the use of intensity techniques. Intensity stands for the amount of training weight used. A heavy weight means a high intensity, a light weight means a low intensity. Usually, intensity is stated as a percentage of a “one repetition maximum” or “1-rep-max”, the highest possible weight for a single repetition 텐가이2 다운로드. With all these variations, the possibilities for designing the periodization cycles seem almost unlimited.
Fig. 1: The classical periodization cycles by repetition range, cadence and form. | |||
Endurance | Hypertrophy | Strength | |
Number of reps | 15-50 | 8-12 | 1-6 |
Rest between sets | 90 sec 다운로드. – 2 min. | 45-90 sec. | 3-5 min. |
Form | Auxotonic or isotonic | Isotonic | Auxotonic |
Speed | Slow to fast and jerk-free | Slow and jerk-free | Explosive, fast and jerk-free |
Definition:
Auxotonic = Muscle contraction, where shortening of the muscle is accompanied by an increase in tension. Usually with short breaks at the end of the range of motion or a hold for the peak contraction. Isotonic = Uniform contraction of the muscle with constant and uniform tension x2go. |
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In the classical sense, however, periodization revolves around a main criteria, the number of repetitions and the execution of the movement. Here one differentiates between strength endurance, trained by many repetitions with rather light weight, hypertrophy in the medium repetition range, as well as maximum strength training with only very few repetitions (figure 1) 메리포핀스.
The reason for this differentiation is that there are anatomically and physiologically different muscle fiber types:
- The bright (white) muscle fiber type – (fast twitch or FT fiber) can contract quickly and vigorously, but it also tires quickly.
- The dark (red) muscle fiber type (slow twitch or ST fiber) reacts more slowly, but has longer contraction times and fatigues much slower.
- The third type of fiber, the intermediate type (FTO), appears to be located between light and dark muscle fibers qnap rss. Apparently, this type can be influenced by targeted training in one way or another. But there are not too many scientific papers available yet.
This fact should be taken into account when planning your training routine. For this purpose, fast, explosive movements for the FT fibers should be incorporated into your training. The ST fibers, on the other hand, respond to more and higher repetition rates with slower movement speeds 캐리tv 다운로드. There are also differences in the metabolism of the individual fiber types. While the FT fibers are mainly designed for the anaerobic supply of energy due to the high portion of high-energy phosphates (ATP, Creatine-Phosphate), glycogen and the corresponding enzymes, the ST fibers have predominantly enzymes for aerobic energy generation in addition to large amounts of glycogen. The ST fibers and FT fibers are innervated by rapidly conducting neuronal pathways.
The presented classifications allow for simple periodization concepts 다운로드. I would like to go in more detail in the following sections. There are, roughly speaking, three different periodization models:
- Linear periodization model
- Non-linear periodization model
- Conjugated model without periodization
The central distinguishing criteria for them is the length of each individual cycle. In linear periodization, they last the longest and are tracked for several weeks, while in the conjugate model they are replaced in favor of a holistic training that considers all aspects of a training session 구글 위성지도. Non-linear periodization is an intermediate form with shorter cycles up to daily undulating training sessions.